How much does education actually sharpen the mind? A study published in the Journal of Human Capital(link is external and opens in a new window) may help settle this long-standing debate by comparing adult siblings in Indonesia. Led by Yuan Zhang, assistant professor of Sociomedical Sciences in the Robert N. Butler Columbia Aging Center at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, the research reveals education’s impact on adult cognition—particularly for people from disadvantaged backgrounds.

A first-of-its-kind study reveals that when mice interact socially, specific brain cell types synchronize in "shared neural spaces," and AI agents develop analogous patterns when engaging in social behaviors.

Scientists at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and their colleagues at the University of California, San Diego, have found that fine-particulate air pollution, which includes pollution from vehicles and industry, was strongly associated with increased genomic changes in lung cancer tumors among people who have never smoked. By assembling the largest-ever whole-genome analysis of lung cancer in individuals who have never smoked, researchers were able to link air pollution exposure to increased cancer-driving and cancer-promoting genetic mutations. This could potentially lead to more prevention strategies for never-smokers.