Risk factors and multidimensional prevention framework map (IMAGE)
Caption
Preventing EC remains complex and multifaceted, with lingering uncertainties in both research and clinical practice. The existing literature indicates that dietary and lifestyle interventions can significantly lower EC risk, but their effectiveness varies based on individual differences such as genetic predispositions, metabolic phenotypes, and cultural backgrounds. We presents several key findings supported by the data. First, adherence to specific dietary patterns, like the Mediterranean diet, is associated with reduced EC risk due to the high intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Second, regular moderate physical activity lowers EC risk through improved insulin sensitivity and reduced chronic inflammation. Third, the role of specific nutrients, such as long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, remains controversial, with some studies indicating a protective effect, while others suggest potential risks, emphasizing the importance of considering the broader dietary context. The review also highlights the paradoxical nature of lifestyle interventions, with low-intensity approaches often being more effective than high-intensity ones, and the impact of lifestyle modifications often overshadowed by genetic factors, particularly in LS individuals.
Credit
Ying Liu
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CC BY-NC