Analytical flowchart of this study. This figure illustrates the comprehensive process of construction and evaluation of theacute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk scoring (AECOPD-RS) model (IMAGE)
Caption
The workflow encompasses patient datacollection and screening, univariate regression analysis for initial variable selection, systematic comparison of 91 machine learning models,selection and construction of the optimal model (stepwise Cox regression combined with random survival forest), followed by model stabilitytesting, subgroup analysis, and development of clinical application tools including a nomogram and an online prediction tool.
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Yiqun Dong, Junyi Shen, Chaofan Fan, Anqi Lin, Peng Luo, Xin Chen
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