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Higher Education Press

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Effects of livestock grazing on belowground soil properties and microbiology. (A) Livestock increase bacteria diversity and decrease the dominance of Basidimycota (compare the microbes in the magnifying glass). (B) Exclusion of livestock (notice the “ghost” cattle) increases the soil SOM and AP (compare the size of SOM and AP across panels), while decreasing the soil pH. (C) Structural equation modelling of direct and indirect effects of livestock intensity, soil properties (SOM, pH, AP), and microbial community by the data (N = 170).

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HIGHER EDUCATON PRESS

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