SPH-based simulations and flow interactions with lifeline infrastructure, using high-quality visualization and rendering: (a) dambreak water flow; (b) landslide debris flow. (IMAGE)
Caption
This figure illustrates a three-dimensional SPH simulation of water flood and debris flow propagating downstream and impacting lifeline systems such as roads and protective structures. The particle-based approach captures the rapid evolution of the free surface, complex flow patterns, and high-impact zones that are critical for emergency safety assessment. The visualization highlights how SPH simulations can be used to identify vulnerable infrastructure segments and support rapid disaster-response planning. Such visualized results enhance the interpretability of numerical simulations and provide an effective tool for engineering analysis and risk communication.
Credit
Lifeline Emergency and Safety, Tsinghua University Press
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