Bioimpedance sensing for a biohybrid robot, where yeast fermentation plays a crucial role in actuation and sensing. (IMAGE)
Caption
During fermentation, yeast cells undergo division, which affects the yeast culture’s impedance. Concurrently, carbon dioxide is produced as a byproduct of fermentation, which the robot utilizes as a power source for motion. The bioimpedance frequency serves as a feedback sensor for monitoring the biological components in biohybrid.
Credit
MennaAllah Soliman, University of Sheffield.
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