Pathways from Positive spring SAM to Antarctic summer sea-ice loss (IMAGE)
Caption
Schematic illustration of the lagged influence of spring (SON) positive SAM on February Antarctic sea ice over the Weddell Sea and Ross Sea after 1998. These processes are primarily mediated by the Pacific-South American (PSA) pattern and the Amundsen Sea low (ASL). Solid (dashed) contours indicate anticyclonic (cyclonic) circulation systems, with “H” denoting high-pressure centers. The underlying shadings represent SST anomalies (blue for cold, red for warm anomalies).
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