Map of Danish households (IMAGE)
Caption
The map shows how the researchers divided Denmark into groups. Households in the yellow postcodes live within 150 kilometres of the nearest border shop and lost access to cross-border shopping when the border was closed during the COVID-19 lockdowns. These households are compared with households in the purple postcodes across the rest of Jutland and Funen. The purple households were affected by the same lockdowns but lived too far from the border for cross-border shopping to be financially worthwhile.
Zealand, Lolland-Falster and Bornholm (shown in green) were excluded because residents can access cross-border shopping via bridges and ferries. The blue areas represent postcode districts with no households participating in the panel.
Credit
Source: Bjerg et al. (2026)
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