Orthodontic force induces glycolysis in periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). (IMAGE)
Caption
Orthodontic force induces glycolysis in periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). a Flowchart of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of periodontal tissues during OTM in mice. Gingiva was removed and discarded before single-cell collection. b Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) visualization of cells from periodontal tissues without gingiva in two groups, sham-operated group (CON, n = 63 385 cells) and 7-day OTM group (n = 16 060 cells). Cell-type annotations were distinguished by different colors, with PDL fibroblasts displayed in red in two groups, sham-operated group (CON, n = 10141 fibroblasts) and 7-day OTM group (n = 13 865 fibroblasts). c Glycolysis-related Gene Ontology (GO) biological process terms of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) enriched in PDL fibroblasts from the OTM group. DEGs were identified using a threshold of P < 0.05 and |log2(fold change) | > 0.5. The bar chart displays −log10(P-value). d UMAP visualization of PDL fibroblasts and the expression distribution of glycolysis-related genes projected onto the UMAP atlas, along with violin plots of gene expression. e Immunofluorescence staining and quantitative analysis showing the expression of glycolysis-related enzymes, PKM2 and PFKFB3, in the PDL region on the tension side in the CON group and 7-day OTM group (n ≥ 5). Scale bars: 40 μm. AB alveolar bone; R root. Data represent the means ± SD. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.
Credit
International Journal of Oral Science
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