Fig 1. Simulation results based on the time-based binding mechanism. (IMAGE)
Caption
Simulation results based on the time-based binding hypothesis. (a) and (b). The model representation of phrases and sentences, in which the P (Proposition units), RB (Role-filler units), PO (Propositional Object units) and S (syllables units) represent the different types of node in DORA. P(DP) represents the top-level unit is a determiner phase and P(s) represents the highest-level unit is a sentence. (c). Simulation results on power, in which the red dotted line and blue solid line represent the frequency response of the sentences and the phrases, respectively. The shading area covers two s.e.m centered on the mean. (d). Statistical comparison on the frequency combined power using paired sample t-test suggested that the power for the sentences was significantly higher than the phrases (t (99) = 8.40, p < 3.25e-13, ***). (e). Results of power coupling between PO-units and S-units, where the red and blue squares show the frequency separated coupling level for the sentences and the phrases, respectively. (f). Statistical comparison on the level of power coupling using paired sample t-test suggested that the power coupling level for the sentences was significantly higher than the phrases (t (99) = 251.02, p < 1e-31, ***). (g). Results of phase coherence, in which the red-dotted line and blue-solid line shows the phase coherence of the sentences and the phrases, respectively. The shading area represents two s.e.m centered on the mean. (h). Statistical comparison of the phase coherence was conducted using paired sample t-test on the frequency averaged response. The comparison indicates that the phase coherence of the sentences was significantly higher than that of the phrases (t (99) = 10.24, p < 1e-20, ***). (i). Phase coupling between PO-units and S-units, the red and blue circles show the level of phase synchronization of the sentences and the phrases, respectively. (j). Statistical comparison on the level of phase coupling between the phrases and the sentences using paired sample t-test suggested that the phase coupling level for the sentences was significantly higher than the phrases (t (99) = 296.03, p < 1e-39, ***). The underlying data can be found in https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6595789.
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Fan Bai, Antje S. Meyer and Andrea E. Martin
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