Plasmid vaccine graphic, University of California San Diego (IMAGE)
Caption
A visualization of the immune engineering process, from structure selection to authentic virus neutralization. Upper left: Analysis of interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and the ACE2 receptor revealed numerous contact residues along the receptor binding motif (RBM) ridgeline. Upper right: Focus was placed on residues comprising the FNCY patch, a conserved site on the RBM that is key to virus binding. Structure-selected residues (epitopes) are cloned and plasmid DNA encoded, with the result injected into the spleens of mice Lower left: The result was synthesis of the introduced molecules and activation of B cell immunity. Lower right: With booster, primary and memory immune response generated neutralizing antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus and three variants: Beta, Delta and Omicron.
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UC San Diego Health Sciences
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