EU-LIFE institutes have observed that there were limited opportunities for collaborative research in biomedicine in Horizon 2020. Data extracted from 10 EU-LIFE member institutes confirms this observation. It demonstrates a 60% drop in the level of participation of these organisations in Health Societal Challenges (SC1) consortia between FP7, the European Research & Innovation programme running from 2007-2013, and Horizon 2020, the current EU programme (107 collaborative projects in FP7 compared to only 42 in Horizon 2020).
This dramatic drop in the level of participation within Horizon 2020 can partly be explained by limited number of calls focussed on understanding mechanisms and fundamental principles in health and disease (reflecting a low Technology Readiness Level - TRL). For example, in the Health 2014-2015 Work Programme on "Personalising health and care", only 3 calls focussed on understanding mechanisms of health and disease while 31 focussed on developing diagnosis, ICT, innovative technologies, care systems and health policy.
While it is important to ensure further translation of discovery research to create impact in peoples' lives, increasing consensus shows that real health impact is not sustainable without strong and continued support for research aimed at understanding the fundamental mechanisms behind health and disease. Many questions about health and disease, operating in different global environments, need an urgent answer. Long-lasting innovation requires international research collaborations and without it, we risk losing the scientific foundations of future impact.
6 recommendations for collaborative research in the Health Cluster of Horizon Europe
1. Re-balance public funding in the Health Cluster towards collaborative, long-term impact research and leave the investment in short-term research (at higher TRLs) to the private sector. Whereas the less risky, close-to-market stages are amenable to private funding, lower TRLs that encapsulate longer-term impact are higher risk and therefore not fundable by industry or the private sector - this should be the main responsibility of public funding in Horizon Europe.
2. Define major challenges for specific disease areas and include calls for proposals on "understanding mechanisms of" to ensure collaborative approaches regarding the fundamental understanding of mechanisms that form the knowledge base of disease and treatment.
3. Build a more realistic definition of impact. Impact in the current calls requires heavy speculation as to what might happen often ending in hand waiving and the description of "impact unicorns". EU-LIFE recommends a shift towards explaining how the current research environment facilitates further development and exploitation to enable research impact.
4. Use a wider and modular definition of "expected impacts" by taking into account what is more commonly the result of discovery research in the area of the call, and by including "fundamental understandings" as expected impact. Value the collaborative aspect of the project as a measure of impact. Brief officers and evaluators to appreciate the impact of research for the area and TRL in question.
5. Remove the - direct or indirect - pressure to cover too many and too high TRLs in a single project by introducing several stages for a research theme: the first stage starting at lower TRLs and if successful progressing to higher TRLs.
6. Implement a retrospective model of evaluation for collaborative research: Rather than evaluating "unicorns", evaluate a track record of generating impact. Look back at what research has achieved following funding at the portfolio or programme level.
###