Figure 3 (IMAGE)

Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe

Figure 3

Caption

The difference in the cosmic birefringence signal with and without gravitational lensing. The blue dots show the signals when the gravitational lensing effect is ignored, and the red dots are the signals when the gravitational lensing effect is considered. The red error bars show the expected observation errors when the Simons Observatory will be used. The difference with and without gravitational lensing is not negligible.

Credit

F. Naokawa & T. Namikawa “Gravitational lensing effect on cosmic birefringence”, Phys. Rev. D 108, 063525, Copyright (2023) the American Physical Society  https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.063525

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