Porosity wave figure (IMAGE)
Caption
The physics-based model built by the researchers shows brine and oxygen at Europa’s surface being carried by a “porosity wave” (spherical shape) through the moon’s ice shell to the liquid water ocean below. The chart shows time (in thousands of years) and ice shell depth (in kilometers). Red indicates higher levels of oxygen. Blue represents lower levels of oxygen.
Credit
Hesse et al.
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