Novel neuron-like ferroelectric bioelectronics enable seamless integration and adaptive communication with neuronal networks

Implantable bioelectronics are vital to neuroscience, neurological therapies, and brain-machine interfaces. They serve as indispensable interfaces that enable the communication between biological systems and external devices through the sensing, monitoring, and modulation of bioelectrical signals. 

Conventional implantable bioelectronic devices struggle to integrate adaptively with neural tissues due to their lack of neuron-like structural and functional properties. This limitation affects both their performance and long-term reliability in integrating and communicating with neural tissues.

In a study published in Advanced Materials, a research team led by Dr. DU Xuemin from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences developed a novel neuron-like interface material and bioelectronic platform, termed ferroelectric bioelectronics (FerroE), which enables seamless integration and adaptive communication with neural systems.

FerroE comprises three core components. The first is biocompatible polydopamine-modified barium titanate nanoparticles which enable efficient photo-to-thermal conversion and enhanced ferroelectric performance. The second is a ferroelectric poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) copolymer that generates real-time electric signals through reversible polarization changes. The third is cellular-scale micropyramid array structures that promote neuronal adhesion, neurite outgrowth, and interconnection.

Through synergistic interactions of these components, FerroE integrates neuron-like flexibility, surface topography, and functional behaviors into a single system. It exhibits highly efficient and stable light-induced polarization changes, and an outstanding ability to generate electric signals, and enables seamless integration and adaptive communication with neuronal networks.

"FerroE enables adaptive interfacing with both peripheral (vagus nerve) and central (motor cortex) neural networks in mice, allowing for wireless, non-genetic, and non-contact regulation of heart rate and motor behavior. Importantly, FerroE demonstrates a highly functionally stable and biocompatible interface with neurons, maintaining its performance for up to three months after in vivo implantation," explained Dr. DU.

This study opens up new directions for the development of next-generation neural interface materials and devices, and inspires the development of adaptive brain-machine interfaces, tissue engineering, and biomedical technologies.