Advancing monoclonal antibody biomanufacturing: using a novel label-free biosensing platform
Peer-Reviewed Publication
Updates every hour. Last Updated: 21-Jan-2026 11:11 ET (21-Jan-2026 16:11 GMT/UTC)
Conifers use resin to protect themselves. This resin contains diterpenes, which act as a natural defense against insect pests. Some of these substances existed before conifers evolved, while others developed independently in different tree species later on — presumably to protect against bark beetles. A key factor in this process is the evolutionary mechanism known as "epistasis": previous genetic changes pave the way for new defenses. These findings help us better understand the natural power of plant defenses and may lead to more sustainable plant protection methods.