Application of plant extracts cosmetics in the field of anti-aging

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of skin aging and the role of plant resources in anti-aging skincare. Skin aging is described as a complex process driven by intrinsic factors, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, telomere shortening, and hormonal changes, as well as extrinsic factors, particularly ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which accounts for the majority of visible aging. These processes lead to structural and functional deterioration, including epidermal thinning, collagen loss, reduced elasticity, and impaired barrier function. The review emphasizes that plant-derived ingredients offer diverse bioactivities that counteract these aging mechanisms through multiple pathways. Polysaccharides enhance skin hydration and promote aquaporin expression, while plant oils rich in essential fatty acids support barrier repair. Antioxidant compounds, including polyphenols, carotenoids, and vitamins, reduce oxidative stress and maintain cellular redox balance. Additionally, certain phytochemicals provide natural UV protection and skin-whitening effects by inhibiting tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis. Anti-inflammatory plant extracts further contribute to soothing and repairing damaged skin. Overall, the article highlights the scientific basis and application potential of plant-based ingredients, supporting their increasing importance in the development of safe, effective, and sustainable anti-aging cosmetics.