A synthesis of ground surveys across Southwest China finds that soil thickness explains nearly 70% of the spatial variation in woody vegetation growth potential, far more than climate or soil nutrient concentrations. Below a 57.5-centimeter threshold, limited soil volume becomes the dominant constraint, where vegetation becomes less related to soil nutrient concentrations and more closely associated with climate variability.

Electroencephalography (EEG) foundation models are emerging as a promising approach for brain-computer interfaces, but their generalization ability remains unclear. Researchers developed EEG-FM-Compass, a benchmark reviewing 55 EEG foundation models and evaluating 12 open-source models across 13 datasets and nine brain-computer interface paradigms. The study shows that current models have transfer potential but require task-specific adaptation, while specialized models remain competitive and larger models do not necessarily generalize better.

The researchers demonstrate ultra-effective growths of archetypal metastable correlated-perovskites, e.g. nickelates (RENiO₃), via liquid phase epitaxy within alkali-chlorides molten-salts, realizing micrometer-thickness and scalability. This bridges technological-discontinuities in micrometer-thick film-growths of RENiO₃, achieving record-competing electronic phase transitions at analog-compatible resistances enabling more effective and energy-efficient analog cryogenic alarming applications. Wafer-scale RENiO₃ with high-uniformity was firstly successfully grown within low melting-point eutectic alkali-chlorides, eliminating previous reliance on MPa-high oxygen-pressures. This strategy was extendable to multiple functional oxide-systems.

Researchers have developed a catalyst that coordinates structure and chemistry from the atomic scale to the millimeter scale. The 3D-printed tough metallic-glass scaffold promotes fluid flow and bubble removal, while a NiMo nanoglass coating supplies active amorphous interfaces. The Gyroid-based NiMo@G catalyst required 1.438 V to reach 100 mA cm⁻² in alkaline water electrolysis and remained stable for more than 200 hours.

Blood tests measuring plasma p-tau217 offer a promising, non-invasive alternative for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. In a multicenter head-to-head evaluation, researchers compared nine commercial p-tau217 assays. While seven assays demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for detecting amyloid pathology, two showed substantially lower performance. The findings emphasize that these tests are not interchangeable and require tailored calibration for clinical use.

This review synthesizes the global evolution of aquatic ecosystem health research and calls for a paradigm shift from isolated, indicator-based assessment to integrated, watershed-scale governance. Led by Qiuwen Chen from Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, the research team argues that aquatic ecosystem health must be understood as a coupled social–ecological and process-based property—linking ecological structure with hydrological and biogeochemical processes, socio-economic drivers, and adaptive governance—rather than as a simple aggregation of water-quality or biological metrics.

In a recent study researchers developed a visible-light 4D bioprinting platform that self-folds into duct-like, perfusable breast cancer scaffolds and shows how tissue shape, stiffness and flow-like cues influence triple-negative breast cancer cell behavior and drug response.