A research paper just published in Science China Life Sciences reports single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) as a powerful technology that, for the first time at single-cell resolution, reveals the spatiotemporal pattern of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) signaling in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) leaves, which mediates precise control of the intracellular transcriptional reprogramming and drought tolerance mechanisms.

Researchers from Shanghai Jiao Tong University have successfully utilized a novel screw extrusion-plasticizing friction stir deposition (SEFSD) process to 3D print 5183 aluminum alloy components in the solid state. This innovative approach bypasses the melting phase, significantly reducing common defects like pores and element evaporation. The resulting components showcase a refined microstructure and excellent mechanical properties, paving the way for efficient manufacturing of aerospace and marine structures.

The authors identify appropriate key performance indicators of resilience for AI-integrated cyber-physical infrastructures, and develop a comprehensive framework that can be used by researchers and practitioners as a guideline to model the resilience of such infrastructures at macro and micro levels. They illustrate how the framework can be applied by means of a case study.

Thermal diffusion—a fundamental physical process pervasive in applications ranging from electronics to industrial systems—is inherently irreversible under the second law of thermodynamics. As temperature gradients spontaneously smooth out over time, crucial information regarding the initial thermal state is permanently lost due to entropy increase. This fundamental information loss leads to a severe ill-posedness in inverse thermal problems, where infinitesimal errors in the final observation can cause enormous uncertainties in the reconstructed initial state.

Recently, the team led by Qiyi Zhao, Yusheng Jie, and Yutian Chong from the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University published their latest research titled “Transfer RNA-derived small RNA-Gly activates the ACPH/GRHL1 axis to facilitate liver cell regeneration in acute-on chronic liver failure” in SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences. This study uncovered the critical role of transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in mediating liver regeneration. It reveals a novel molecular mechanism by which tsRNA-Gly promotes hepatocyte regeneration in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) by activating the ACPH/GRHL1 signaling axis, providing a potential new therapeutic target for liver failure.