Ambitious climate action to improve global air quality could save up to 1.32 million lives per year by 2040, according to a new study.

The research, led by Cardiff University, shows how developing countries rely heavily on international cooperation to see these benefits, because much of their pollution originates outside their borders.

The first-of-its-kind study analysed these cross-border pollution “exchanges” for nearly every country – 168 in total.

Matthew Troia, a UT San Antonio assistant professor, was awareded the distinguished Faculty Early Career Development Program (CAREER) award by the National Science Foundation. The award will support his investigation on how climate change and urbanization are affecting freshwater ecosystems by enabling exotic tropical fish species to expand northward. During the next five years, Troia will integrate lab experiments, extensive field monitoring, and computer modeling to better understand the vulnerability of Texas waterways.

Researchers have found that most biochar fed to dairy cows survives the digestive process and remains highly stable, meaning it could be applied to fields through manure and act as a long-term carbon storage solution. The findings provide new evidence that livestock systems could play a role in climate change mitigation.

Microbes could help oak trees cope with environmental change. Publishing February 11 in the Cell Press journal Cell Host & Microbe, a study observing oaks growing in a natural woodland found that the trees’ above- and below-ground microbiomes were resilient to drought, nutrient scarcity, and exposure to pathogenic beetles and bacteria. The trees showed subtle changes to their root-associated microbiota after prolonged drought, suggesting they can recruit beneficial bacteria under stressful conditions.  

A team of researchers from the Università Statale and the Politecnico di Milano has developed a new optical imaging system for real-time visualisation of how a plant’s leaves, stem and roots communicate with each other in response to environmental stress. Mappi (MAcro Plant Projection Imaging) offers the opportunity to study plants comparable in size to those grown in greenhouses (this has been very difficult to do until now), thus taking a decisive step towards understanding the response of plant organisms to climate change. The study was published in Science Advances

The tide has turned on the conservation success story of the southern right whale.

 

Once considered a global conservation success story, the species is now emerging as a warning signal of how climate change is impacting threatened marine life, according to new research led by scientists from Flinders University and Curtin University with international collaborators in the US and South Africa.