A new report has set out how the UK might respond to major disruptions to food supplies triggered by events such as war, extreme weather or cyber-attacks – and what can be done now to prevent such disruptions from escalating into a crisis.

Involving 39 experts from institutions including Anglia Ruskin University (ARU) and the University of York, the study maps how shocks to the food system, such as sudden price hikes or food shortages, could intensify pressure on already vulnerable parts of the system, ultimately increasing strain, instability and the risk of social unrest.

New research led by the University of East Anglia (UEA) shows how many tropical cities are predicted to warm faster than expected under 2°C of global warming.

Cities are often warmer than rural areas due to a phenomenon known as the urban heat island, which can be influenced by various factors, such as regional climate and vegetation cover. This can lead to increased heat-related health risks for some urban populations.

Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), the study combined state-of-the-art climate change projections with machine learning models to show how these urban heat islands can be amplified in many tropical and subtropical cities under climate change - mostly in monsoon regions such as India, China and Western Africa.