The gravitational wave is a prediction of the general theory of relativity that can be detected by measuring the relative distance between two test masses (TM) along the geodesics. The TM is fixed by the cage and vent mechanism to avoid collision with the spacecraft cavity during launch. Once the drag-free spacecraft reaches its target orbit, the TM must be released by the grabbing positioning and release mechanism (GPRM) to the cage center of the inertial sensor in a limited amount of time. The capture of the TM by means of the electrostatic suspensions is crucial for the mission. However, the GPRM inevitably generates large release errors and the low electrostatic force makes the TM capture control a difficult task. Moreover, the experimental results of the LISA Pathfinder mission have shown that the TM release velocities were well higher than the ones expected. The previous robust sliding mode controller needs to be optimized.

With the advancement of Internet applications, the global demand for broadband satellite communication services is incessantly escalating. Furthermore, there exists an exponential surge in the requisition for the capacity of satellite communication systems. In response to this evolving demand, the domain of satellite communication technology is progressively evolving toward the realm of high-throughput satellite (HTS) communication systems. The typical technical characteristics of HTS are: (a) the satellite adopts multibeam technology for beam overlapping coverage of the service area, which improves the quality of the wireless link while realizing the spatial dimension segmentation; (b) based on this, the system adopts multiple frequency multiplexing to improve the communication capacity of a single satellite; (c) gateway stations are tightly coupled with user beam clusters to complete two-hop communication, which makes multiple gateway stations share the communication resources of the same satellite, forming a spatial isolation of the gateway stations, and once again realizing the frequency multiplexing of the gateway station links. A key requirement for future multibeam broadband satellite communication systems is the ability to flexibly adjust beam capacity according to changes in business distribution, in order to meet time-varying business requirements. Beam hopping technology provides an efficient solution to achieve the efficient use of frequency resources and power resources. At the same time, the use of beam hopping makes the beam hopping of satellite payload need to match the business signals of ground signal stations, bringing about the need for synchronization of beam hopping between satellite and ground.

The advent of the fifth-generation (5G) technology has revolutionized the way we think about communication networks, enabling a plethora of new use cases and scenarios that were not possible with previous generations of wireless technology. The existing 5G communication networks predominantly rely on terrestrial communication infrastructure, which, however, exhibits several notable limitations such as capacity constraints, latency issues, and energy inefficiencies, necessitating this next-generation leap. The 6G aims to provide a comprehensive solution for a hyperconnected, intelligent, and immersive digital ecosystem, seamlessly integrating terrestrial, airborne, and spaceborne networks which is referred to as the space-air-ground-sea integrated network (SAGSIN). A traditional SAGSIN scenario mainly includes 3 segments: spaceborne network, airborne network, and terrestrial network. The classical SAGSIN architecture has shown remarkable capabilities in providing massive connectivity by integrating spaceborne, airborne, and terrestrial cellular networks, which, however, encounters inherent technical challenges against their respective practical implementation. On the other hand, the philosophy of near-space communications (NS-COM) is gradually emerging. The distinctive location of near space which is 20 ~ 100 km above Earth’s surface positiones at the core of the SAGSIN, thus allowing the NS-COM network to address the shortcomings of traditional spaceborne, terrestrial, and airborne networks. NS-COM present a promising addition to SAGSIN, making them the final piece of the SAGSIN puzzle.

Matrix-free phosphorescent carbon nanodot inks enable scalable, invisible printing with ultrahigh resolution and high fidelity, highlighting their potential for large-scale information storage and time-delayed display applications.

This study presents a comprehensive exploration of fermented oats (FO) as a next-generation skincare ingredient with dual anti-inflammatory and skin barrier-restoring functions. By utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation, the authors successfully enhanced the bioactive composition of oats, significantly increasing β-glucan, proteins, flavonoids, amino acids, and their derivatives. These biochemical improvements translate into potent biological activity, positioning FO as a multifunctional soothing and repairing ingredient for sensitive and photodamaged skin. A major highlight of this research is its multi-model validation across cellular assays, zebrafish embryos, and 3D reconstructed skin. FO demonstrated a marked ability to modulate inflammatory pathways, including a 79.87% inhibition of TNF-α/TNFR1 binding, suppression of LPS-induced nitric oxide release, and reduction of neutrophil recruitment. These results collectively establish FO as a robust anti-inflammatory agent capable of suppressing both cytokine- and TRPV1-mediated inflammatory responses. Equally noteworthy is FO’s impact on skin barrier repair. In UVB-irradiated 3D skin models, FO significantly upregulated key structural proteins—including loricrin, filaggrin, transglutaminase 1, and caspase-14—which are essential for epidermal reinforcement, differentiation, and natural moisturizing factor formation. The ingredient also enhanced hydration by increasing both skin moisture content and AQP3 expression.

Overall, this study highlights fermented oats as an innovative, solvent-free, bioactivated skincare ingredient that simultaneously alleviates inflammation, repairs barrier damage, and improves hydration. Its strong mechanistic support and multi-level experimental confirmation underscore its potential as an effective soothing and repairing ingredient for sensitive skin formulations.

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO₃RR) represents a sustainable and environmentally benign route for ammonia (NH₃) synthesis. However, NO₃RR is still limited by the competition from hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the high energy barrier in the hydrogenation step of nitrogen-containing intermediates. Here, we report a selective etching strategy to construct RuM nanoalloys (M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) uniformly dispersed on porous nitrogen-doped carbon substrates for efficient neutral NH₃ electrosynthesis. Density functional theory calculations confirm that the synergic effect between Ru and transition metal M modulates the electronic structure of the alloy, significantly lowering the energy barrier for the conversion of *NO₂ to *HNO₂. Experimentally, the optimized RuFe-NC catalyst achieves 100% Faraday efficiency with a high yield rate of 0.83 mg h⁻¹ mg_cat⁻¹ at a low potential of − 0.1 V vs. RHE, outperforming most reported catalysts. In situ spectroscopic analyses further demonstrate that the RuM-NC effectively promotes the hydrogenation of nitrogen intermediates while inhibiting the formation of hydrogen radicals, thereby reducing HER competition. The RuFe-NC assembled Zn-NO₃⁻ battery achieved a high open-circuit voltage and an outstanding power density and capacity, which drive selective NO₃⁻ conversion to NH₃. This work provides a powerful synergistic design strategy for efficient NH₃ electrosynthesis and a general framework for the development of advanced multi-component catalysts for sustainable nitrogen conversion.