The study delineates the complete pathway of calcium action: from macroscopically improving stem structure, to microscopically remodeling cell wall components, and to molecularly regulating gene networks—ultimately strengthening the stem from the inside out to achieve superior traits.

A study of OsSTP26 reveals that both gene knockout and overexpression can enhance productive tiller formation through distinct carbon-signaling routes.

An analysis of 500 S&P 500 companies revealed that traditional sector labels only partially explain firms’ financial structures. Machine-learning models predicted sectors from accounting ratios, achieving a maximum validation accuracy of 49.3%. However, an unsupervised analysis identified nine financially interpretable groups that crossed sector boundaries. This suggests that, when comparing profitability, leverage, liquidity, and cash-generation patterns, accounting-based peer groups can complement sectors.

By regulating coordination angles of two carbazole-pyridine ligands (L1, L2) and building blocks (E1(OTf)₂, E2(OTf)₂), successfully obtained four architectures: a molecular-tweezer-like compound, a snowflake-shaped fold assembly, an 8₁₈ knot, and a closed three-link chain. SC-XRD validated the structures and showed that the ligand angle determines whether the assembly is interlocked or folded. NMR and ESI-TOF-MS verified solution-phase formation and purity. Furthermore, the closed three-link chain exhibits high photothermal conversion performance. Its efficiency is directly influenced by π–π stacking interactions, and EPR experiments further confirm that the radical character of the building blocks also contributes to the photothermal properties.

A research team led by Professor Kaicun Wang at Peking University has released a homogenized gridded climate dataset for China (HCD01), providing daily, 0.1-degree climate data for 1961-2022. The dataset corrects non-climatic signals in long-term observations and merges homogenized station records with ERA5-Land reanalysis, offering a high-quality data basis for studying climate change and its impacts across China.

Researchers have developed a membrane-based strategy that separates complex light naphtha into valuable chemical streams at the molecular level. By mildly etching a metal–organic framework membrane with tannic acid, the team created complementary membranes that sort hydrocarbons by size and chemical affinity. The membrane cascade separated a 15-component petroleum mixture into three product streams while potentially reducing energy consumption by about 91% compared with conventional distillation.

In a paper published in SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences, researchers assessed the parameterization of orographic gravity wave drag (OGWD) in 3-km-resolution WRF simulations for precipitation forecast over the highly complex-terrain Southwest China. Their results reveal that OGWD parameterization, previously considered negligible in kilometer-scale models, can greatly improve the predicted rainfall intensity and location by modulating the low-level winds and moisture transport. These findings lay an important scientific foundation for operational precipitation forecasting in regions of complex terrain.