Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted significant interest as safe, low-cost, and environmentally friendly energy storage systems. However, their performance and stability are limited by complex interfacial phenomena such as zinc dendrite growth, parasitic side reactions, and the evolution of the solid electrolyte interphase. These processes are inherently dynamic and span multiple spatial and temporal scales, posing challenges to traditional ex situ characterization techniques. To address this, advanced in situ and operando techniques have been developed, broadly categorized into imaging, spectroscopic, synchrotron scattering/diffraction, and coupled mass spectrometry approaches. These methods enable real-time visualization and chemical analysis of the electrode/electrolyte interface, providing insights into nucleation and dissolution dynamics, interfacial chemical transformations, and the mechanisms driving dendrite formation and parasitic reactions. Through the integration of these complementary techniques, structural evolution can be correlated with electrochemical behavior, elucidating the underlying physicochemical mechanisms. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in in situ and operando characterization methods and highlights their contributions to understanding interfacial stability in aqueous ZIBs. Future directions emphasizing multi-modal strategies and data integration to guide the rational design of high-performance ZIBs are discussed. These insights are expected to accelerate the development of next-generation aqueous energy storage systems.

Vat photopolymerization (VPP) 3D printing of silica ceramic cores often struggles with excessive shrinkage and severe high-temperature deflection during casting. To overcome this challenge, researchers introduced kyanite to compensate for shrinkage via its thermal decomposition. The optimized ceramic core (15 wt.% kyanite, sintered at 1225°C) showed drastically reduced sintering (3.06%) and casting shrinkage (0.86%), alongside a remarkably low high-temperature deflection of 0.82 mm. This novel strategy significantly enhances dimensional precision and accelerates the manufacturing of complex hollow turbine blades for advanced aerospace applications.

This article draws on eight recent studies published in Energy and Climate Management to assess the current status and future trajectory of China’s carbon market. While the national ETS has made notable progress, it remains constrained by low liquidity, weak price signals, and challenges in sectoral expansion—particularly due to MRV limitations. The studies highlight that improving institutional design, especially through robust price stabilization mechanisms, and introducing financial tools such as carbon futures are critical to enhancing market effectiveness. Insights from Japan and South Korea further underscore the importance of broader participation and policy flexibility. Overall, China’s carbon market is transitioning from institutional setup to market deepening, with growing emphasis on market-driven signals.

Researchers from Dalian University of Technology have developed an innovative seismic protection system that combines segmented rocking trusses with multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD) to significantly improve the earthquake resilience of high-rise steel buildings. The proposed system overcomes the limitations of conventional rocking structures that are primarily effective only for first-mode vibration control. By dividing the rocking truss into multiple segments along the building height and strategically placing MTMDs based on the structure's vibration characteristics, the new design achieves uniform deformation distribution, prevents weak-story failure mechanisms, and reduces maximum inter-story drift ratios by 7% to 29%. The findings, published in Lifeline Emergency and Safety, demonstrate that this hybrid approach effectively controls multi-order vibration mode damage while maintaining the self-centering advantages of traditional rocking systems.

High-resolution X-ray imaging is essential for medical diagnostics, security screening, and industrial non-destructive testing. However, conventional powder-polymer composite scintillator films usually require large thicknesses to ensure sufficient X-ray attenuation and brightness, while particle aggregation and interfacial heterogeneity inevitably cause severe light scattering and reduce imaging resolution. To address this challenge, a research team developed two optically homogeneous hybrid metal halide glasses, MTP₂SbCl₅ and MTP₂MnCl₄, through a scalable low-temperature melt-quenching strategy. These transparent glass scintillators exhibit visible–near-infrared transmittance up to ~90%, near-complete X-ray attenuation at 1 mm thickness, light yields of 5819 and 19232 photons MeV⁻¹, and high spatial resolutions of 18.8 and 22.5 lp mm⁻¹, respectively. Beyond imaging, the glasses also show excellent irradiation stability, reversible glass–crystal–glass transition, low-temperature self-healing, and tunable radioluminescence from green to orange-red, opening a new pathway toward recyclable, large-area, high-resolution, and color-visualized X-ray imaging platforms.