Research alert: A microbial DNA signature differentiates two types of cancer in the live
Peer-Reviewed Publication
Updates every hour. Last Updated: 6-Nov-2025 19:11 ET (7-Nov-2025 00:11 GMT/UTC)
Many different mutational signatures, or "fingerprints" of DNA damage have been identified across different tumor types which can provide a record of environmental exposure or clues about the etiology of carcinogenesis. Most of the mutational signature characterization has been performed using tumors from American and European populations due to the availability of sequencing data in these regions from large-scale atlases such as The Cancer Genome Atlas and the International Cancer Genome Consortium. While some unique mutational signatures have been identified in various Asian populations, mutational signatures and their activity in tumors from Chinese patients have not been well characterized across cancer types.
Researchers from Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine have now identified mutational signatures that are highly active in a large Chinese population. They found that the majority of the mutation-causing processes were similar between American and Chinese populations. However, they did find differences in what the mutational signature activities were correlated withAI is detecting tumors more often and earlier in the Dutch breast cancer screening program. Those tumors can then be treated at an earlier stage. This has been demonstrated by researchers led by Radboud university medical center in a study published in The Lancet Digital Health. The use of AI could reduce workload and save millions of euros annually.
Despite significant advancements in medicine, cancer remains a major health challenge and the leading cause of mortality worldwide, highlighting the urgent need for continued research to identify robust biomarkers for the early detection, prognosis, and treatment across multiple cancer types.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive tumor of the central nervous system, is highly malignant, resistant to existing drug therapies and associated with high mortality rates. Overexpression of B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) has been frequently observed in GBM patients, highlighting the urgent need for potent BCL6 inhibitors as a novel treatment strategy.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck. Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF), which develops into OSCC, has become a relatively common pathway in oral mucosal carcinogenesis, with a transformation rate ranging from 3% to 19%. Hence, it is critical to elucidate the key molecular events of OSF tumorigenesis for the prevention and early diagnosis of OSCC.
An international team of scientists published findings August 7, 2025, in Cancer Discovery helping to explain why a common form of pediatric cancer called neuroblastoma is often treated successfully with chemotherapy but prone to relapse in several years.
Cancer cells with many copies of the MYCN oncogene on circular extra-chromosomal DNA elements (ecDNA) grow quickly but are more easily destroyed by chemotherapy. Tumor cells with fewer copies of the oncogene located on ecDNA enter a zombie-like state known as senescence where they persist but no longer divide to make new cells. These zombie cells are unaffected by chemotherapy and can be reactivated a year or two later, triggering the cancer to relapse.
The researchers demonstrated that combining standard chemotherapy with a secondary therapy able to target senescent cancer cells led to dramatically improved outcomes in tests on mouse models of neuroblastoma.Tuebingen, August 13, 2025. The DKMS Stiftung Leben Spenden is starting the new application round for the DKMS John Hansen Research Grant: up to four exceptional research projects by young scientists from around the world will be awarded funding of up to €240,000 each over three years. The projects to be funded should focus on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and cell therapy for hematological diseases. Applications for the 2026 DKMS John Hansen Research Grant can be submitted until November 20, 2025.