Researchers propose a synergistic computational imaging framework that provides wide-field, subpixel resolution imaging without added optical complexity via a metalens-transformer design. They experimentally validated performance on real thyroid pathology sections with reasonable cross-tissue generalizability, and feature a compact, low-cost configuration suitable for portable diagnostic applications. This study was published in PhotoniX on December 3, 2025.

In International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, researchers from Tsinghua University proposed a novel tip-based vibration carving processing method for shape-customized convex microstructures for the first time. Their work combined the advantages of tip-based machining and vibration texturing, showing great potential in the convex microstructure processing of customized functional surfaces. Such method will significantly expand the design boundaries of functional surfaces to address the challenges in thermal, electrical, acoustic, and optical fields.

In Armenia, outdated diagnostic systems lead to 90% of amniocentesis procedures being unnecessary, forcing many pregnant women to undergo invasive tests and bear avoidable physical and financial stress. Dr. Karine Tokhunts, Professor at Yerevan State Medical University and President of the Armenian Association of Obstetric and Gynecological Ultrasound, urges the Armenian government to cover Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing (NIPT) in national health insurance as a standard prenatal screening.

New study examines the oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and suggests its influence may extend beyond dental tissues. Researchers investigated whether Pg-driven periapical lesions, localized dental issues, can trigger wider metabolic disturbances through an IL-17–intense inflammatory response. Using sham-controlled mouse models without oral colonization, the researchers compared mice with and without Pg colonization to assess how IL-17 drives both tissue damage and impaired glucose regulation. The study examines whether chronic periapical infections subtly shape metabolic health and whether targeting IL-17 could offer unexpected systemic benefits.

This study systematically evaluated the potential of red rice extract as a biological ultraviolet (UV) filter and, for the first time, comprehensively validated its UV absorption characteristics, antioxidant properties, and SPF-enhancing effects in sunscreen formulations. Rich in phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and procyanidins, red rice extract demonstrated strong UV-absorbing capacity and free radical scavenging activity, indicating its ability to counteract UV-induced oxidative stress and inflammation.Comparative UV absorption analysis showed that the extract exhibited stable absorption peaks and favorable photothermal stability relative to three commonly used UV filters. When incorporated into oil-in-water (O/W) and water-in-oil (W/O) sunscreen formulations, red rice extract produced concentration-dependent SPF enhancement. Notably, adding 1% extract increased SPF values by more than 10% in both systems.

Importantly, the extract also showed the potential to partially replace traditional chemical UV filters. Formulations containing 1%, 3%, and 5% red rice extract were able to substitute approximately 12.82%, 19.05%, and 26.09% of chemical UV filters, respectively, without compromising SPF performance.

Overall, this work highlights red rice extract as a promising natural UV-filtering ingredient capable of boosting SPF efficacy while reducing chemical filter usage. The findings provide scientific support for its application in developing mild, safe, and environmentally friendly sunscreen products.

This study explores the profound implications of ambiguity aversion for asset price dynamics and wealth distribution. In a continuous-time macroeconomic model with heterogeneous agents and financial frictions, we demonstrate analytically and numerically that ambiguity aversion leads to a lower risk-free rate, reduced consumption, higher precautionary savings, and wealth redistribution, resulting in significant asset price misalignment. These distortions cause universal welfare loss, making a case for policy intervention. We find that while distortionary capital taxes can mitigate price misalignment, conventional monetary policy, if well-calibrated, can reduce distortions and improve welfare without such trade-offs.