Overcoming the limits between operational bandwidth, aperture size, and numerical aperture, while expanding their potential in advanced applications, has been a main focus of research. At the same time, with growing demand for better light control, metalenses are gradually moving toward system-level designs. If a single metalens is like a skilled solo player performing in specific situations, then a group of metalenses working together is like a well-practiced orchestra, able to achieve more complex and flexible control of light. In this context, recent progress in metalens technology follows two main paths: one is the ongoing improvement and expanded functions of single metalenses; the other is the continuous development and new applications of multi-metalens systems.

Nanoimprint Lithography (NIL), first introduced in the 1990s by Professor Stephen Y. Chou at the University of Minnesota (later Princeton University), is a novel nanofabrication technology noted for its advantages in low cost, high resolution, and high throughput. The working principle involves directly imprinting mold patterns into polymeric materials, which are either cooled before demolding for thermoplastics or UV cured or thermal set for crosslinkable precursors to precisely replicate nanoscale features. With rapid advancements in science and industry, the demand for precise and efficient fabrication of semiconductor devices, optical components, and biomedical devices has significantly increased, making NIL an indispensable manufacturing method. The year 2025 marks the 30th anniversary of NIL. Through three decades of global efforts, NIL has emerged as the primary alternative to extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography for deep-nanoscale silicon electronics. Many semiconductor companies have recognized NIL's manufacturing quality and are actively evaluating its capability in producing advanced semiconductor devices. Moreover, with its high throughput and 3D patterning capabilities, NIL is becoming a key technology for emerging applications such as flat optics and augmented reality glasses, opening new avenues for material research and novel applications.

A recent eGastroenterology review by Professor Intissar Anan highlights major breakthroughs in transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) management. Once a relentlessly progressive disease with limited treatment options, ATTR now benefits from targeted therapies including TTR stabilisers, RNA-based gene silencers, and emerging CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. Advances in diagnostics, particularly non-invasive cardiac imaging, have improved early detection, enabling earlier intervention. Novel monoclonal antibodies aim to remove existing amyloid deposits, offering hope for advanced cases. Despite progress, challenges remain—cost, access, optimal therapy sequencing, and long-term safety require attention. The evolving therapeutic landscape signals a transformative shift towards personalised, multi-modality care for ATTR patients.

Researchers at Beijing Tiantan Hospital have developed a one-stage hybrid approach that combines embolization and microsurgical removal of hypervascular central nervous system (CNS) tumors in a single operation. In a decade-long study of 31 patients, this innovative method reduced blood loss, avoided embolization-related complications, and preserved neurological function. Published in the Chinese Neurosurgical Journal, the findings suggest a safer alternative to traditional staged surgeries for treating high-risk brain and spinal tumors.

A recent study published in National Science Review has revealed an extreme ionospheric electron density depletion and the pronounced hemispheric asymmetry during the May 2024 geomagnetic storm. The near-total depletion of ionospheric electrons caused widespread failures in high-frequency radio wave propagation. This research provides critical observational evidence from CMP and modeling insights into the ionosphere's response to extreme space weather, advancing understanding of the physical processes of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere coupling.

Researchers leveraged high-throughput computing and machine learning to systematically evaluate a large family of magnesium-based thermoelectric materials. The study pinpoints thermal expansion as a key knob: it strengthens lattice anharmonicity to reduce lattice thermal conductivity and narrows band dispersion to enhance the Seebeck coefficient, together lifting the figure of merit (ZT). Building on these insights, the team delivers a robust XGBoost predictor that accelerates the screening and optimization of Mg-based thermoelectrics.

Researchers have developed a novel MoS₂ phototransistor with ultra-high gain, capable of detecting extremely weak light signals and attomolar concentrations of disease biomarkers at room temperature. This innovation paves the way for ultra-sensitive, rapid, and reliable point-of-care diagnostics.