A new study published in National Science Review has revealed that global warming may reshape the distribution of sunlight reaching Earth’s surface. Climate models project reduced downward surface solar radiation over polar regions but increased radiation over Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes, especially in local summer. The contrast is driven by increased atmospheric water vapor, reduced mid-latitude clouds, and enhanced polar cloud liquid water.

Zeolite-catalyzed methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) reactions inherently exhibit multiscale spatiotemporal heterogeneity, which is crucial to catalyst design and product selectivity. This review integrates recent advances in spectroscopy, molecular imaging and spatially resolved techniques to connect molecular diffusion, acidity, temperature distribution and coke deposition across molecular, crystal, particle and reactor scales. By clarifying how nonuniform microenvironments emerge, interact and propagate, this review provides insights for the development to guide more efficient and selective MTH catalysis.

Nanjing University researchers report a breakthrough siRNA delivery strategy that transforms the liver into a "biopharmaceutical factory" for targeted cancer therapy. The team developed an In Vivo Self-Assembled (IVSA) system that uses intravenously injected plasmid DNA to program hepatocytes to produce and package EGFR-targeting siRNA into GE11-tagged small extracellular vesicles. These "biomissiles" selectively deliver therapeutic siRNA to EGFR-positive tumors, overcoming the long-standing siRNA delivery challenge without complex in vitro encapsulation. The system demonstrated potent efficacy across EGFR-mutant lung cancer, gastric cancer, and breast cancer models, outperforming traditional targeted drugs while showing minimal off-target toxicity. This plug-and-play platform represents a paradigm shift from conventional drug manufacturing to in vivo biopharmaceutical production, offering a modular, cost-effective approach for personalized cancer gene therapy.

This study reports a labor-saving strategy for hybrid rice seed production using a small flag leaf mutant, ym66, derived from radiation-mutagenized indica rice 93-11. The mutant exhibits extremely short, narrow, and stiff flag leaves due to a 6-bp insertion in the OsGATA15 gene, which leads to cell death and reduced vascular development. Using this mutant, the researchers developed a novel restorer line, NP27, which requires no manual leaf cutting during hybrid seed production. Field tests showed that NP27 achieves seed yields comparable to traditional leaf-cutting methods, while reducing labor costs by approximately 150–180 CNY per mu. Additionally, NP27-derived hybrids display more compact plant architecture, uniform panicles, and improved grain quality. This work provides a "leaf-cutting-free" germplasm resource that simplifies hybrid rice seed production and lowers production costs.

A rapid, precise, on-site, portable, and naked-eye visualization method for genotyping the FecBB mutation in sheep has been established. A genotyping strategy for important SNP site in livestock breeding programmes is provided, theoretically applicable to any SNP site.

Researchers demonstrated a superconducting qubit sensor that combines quantum criticality and non-equilibrium dynamics to estimate gradient fields with precision approaching the fundamental precision limits using simple measurements.

Dynamic treatment represents the cornerstone of precision medicine. However, the development of closed-loop systems that respond to endogenous biomarkers remains challenging. Here, we report a dual-channel flexible electrocatalytic system (Pd-Ni₅P₄/DCEFS) integrated into a microneedle array that enables ultrasensitive real-time monitoring of nitric oxide (NO)—a key biomarker of wound inflammation—with a detection limit of 9.6 nM, while simultaneously driving the hydrogen evolution reaction with a low overpotential of − 91.0 mV at − 10 mA cm⁻². This integrated platform establishes a closed-loop sensing-feedback-intervention mechanism, enabling NO-guided on-demand hydrogen generation for precision anti-inflammatory treatment. In diabetic mouse skin wound models, this adaptive hydrogen production strategy markedly suppresses inflammation, promotes tissue regeneration, achieves substantial wound closure within 5 days, and reduces the overall healing time to 11 days. This study establishes a new paradigm for closed-loop dynamic treatment of inflammatory diseases and provides a critical foundation for next-generation self-adaptive therapeutic platforms in regenerative medicine.