Professor Wenkun Zhu and Professor Tao Chen’s research group at Southwest University of Science and Technology has published a research article in Science Bulletin demonstrating the development of an atomically dispersed U−O−Ti bimetallic photoanode material (U/TiO₂ NRA). Utilizing a facile photodeposition method, the team successfully anchored uranium single atoms directly from uranium-containing wastewater onto TiO₂ nanorod arrays rich in oxygen vacancies. The as-fabricated catalyst exhibits exceptional photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance, offering a novel strategy for both the high-value utilization of depleted uranium resources and the design of efficient photoelectrocatalytic materials.

Fruit volume in Chinese flowering plants is largely shaped by evolutionary relationships, but warmer climates weaken this phylogenetic constraint, highlighting the context‑dependent role of evolutionary history in plant reproductive traits.

The research team proposes a lattice-matching engineering strategy to fabricate hexagonal WO₃/TiO₂ S-scheme heterojunctions with an ultra-low 0.027% lattice mismatch. The strong built-in electric field optimizes charge transfer, realizing 35% dihydroxyacetone selectivity, 40% improved glycerol conversion and over 40 h catalytic stability for efficient biomass valorization.

Carbenes were self-assembled onto the Ag-Cu₂O surface via the in-situ deprotonation of imidazolium cations by generated OH^- ions. The synthesized Ag-Cu₂O-carbene catalyst exhibited a remarkable C₂₊ Faradaic efficiency. The improved performance is attributed to the enhanced tandem synergy induced by carbene bridging. Carbene modification enhances *CO spillover from Ag to Cu sites, increasing *CO coverage, while simultaneously lowering the *CO hydrogenation energy barrier to boost *COCHO formation.

A novel defect-engineered Pt/Nb₂O₅ photocatalyst achieves record-breaking efficiency for the co-production of 2-methylbenzimidazole and hydrogen through a hydroxyethyl radical-mediated pathway. By engineering oxygen vacancies and decorating with Pt nanoparticles, researchers demonstrate selective activation of the α-C–H bond in ethanol, bypassing conventional aldehyde intermediates to enhance both catalytic activity and selectivity under mild reaction conditions.

A systematic approach to physically synthesized data generation and its application is proposed for automatic visual inspection of aerospace alloys with complex geometries. Furthermore, the underlying reason why this approach significantly improves defect segmentation accuracy is revealed.

Background

Infections with liver flukes (Clonorchis sinensis, Opisthorchis viverrini, and O. felineus) cause high burden. Mechanistic models have been employed to disentangle their transmission dynamics and guide the design of control strategies. However, no comprehensive review of these mechanistic models has yet been undertaken.

Methods

In this systematic review, we searched six major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Korea Med, Cochrane, China National Knowledge Infrastructure [CNKI], and Wanfang Data) for studies published up to 14 May 2025, to identify and evaluate mechanistic models of liver fluke infections. We included all mechanistic transmission models for human liver flukes regardless of language or setting, while excluded non-mechanistic models, reviews, and empirical studies.

Results

Of the 533 records identified, 18 studies were eligible for analysis. Most studies focused on C. sinensis in China and O. viverrini in Lao People’s Democratic Republic, primarily employing population-based model with ordinary differential equations. Findings consistently identified humans as the central reservoir sustaining transmission, while the role of animal reservoir hosts (e.g. cats and dogs) in transmission was less explored (in 6 out of 18 studies) and divergent in different models. Models incorporating host heterogeneity demonstrated the superiority of integrated control strategies-combining mass drug administration, health education, and environmental improvements over single intervention. High frequency, coverage and adherence of measures were shown to be critical for achieving control or even elimination targets.

Conclusion

Results from mechanistic models support the implementation of One Health strategies to improve liver fluke control. This review identifies the need for integrative, data-driven One Health modeling frameworks that incorporate human, animal, and environmental transmission parameters, and address key sources of heterogeneity in host behavior, exposure, and transmission dynamics to support control targets.