Red soil exhibits a high susceptibility to geological disasters and engineering instability owing to its significant dispersibility and substantial strength attenuation upon exposure to water. Consequently, there is an urgent necessity to enhance its engineering properties. As an environmentally friendly and cost-effective industrial by-product, building gypsum powder demonstrates significant potential in improving the mechanical properties of red soil. It not only reduces the burden of landfilling and lowers material costs but also achieves efficient waste utilization and resource recycling, substantially cutting expenses related to soil stabilization and improvement. It is expected to provide a scientific basis for the analysis of geological hazards such as debris flows, landslides, and collapses in red soil regions, as well as offer guidance for selecting appropriate types and dosage of soil modifiers in practical engineering projects.

Isotopes are atoms of the same element with identical proton numbers but different neutron counts. Stable isotopes, with half-lives longer than 10¹⁵ years, undergo negligible radioactive decay. For elements of the third Period and beyond, their isotopes usually show minor differences in physical properties and are considered chemically identical in many previous studies.

The assumption does not always hold.

A research team led by Prof. Sen Xin from the Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences have recently revealed that two stable sulfur isotopes (³⁴S and ³²S) exhibit significant differences in both kinetics and thermodynamics of participating the electrode reactions in a rechargeable Li-S battery. The (dis)charge process of Li-S batteries usually involves generation and dissolution of high-order lithium polysulfide intermediates (Li₂S_n, 4≤n≤8) at the cathode-electrolyte interface, and diffusion of Li₂S_n through the liquid electrolyte to reach the Li-metal anode. The above process forms the main reason for rapid capacity decline of the S cathode and exothermic parasitic reactions on the surface of Li anode. By employing the time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, the team has proven that the ³⁴S-based polysulfides (Li₂³⁴S_n) migrate slower than the ³²S-based polysulfides, which accounts for improved battery performance and isotope fractionation at both electrodes.

Large and complex construction projects (LCCPs) require substantial investments and often encounter significant challenges, such as cost overruns, time delays, and conflicting stakeholder interests. A new study reviews 165 peer-reviewed publications to propose a modernized value management framework tailored for LCCPs, paving the way for improved stakeholder collaboration and technological integration.

A new strategy for the efficient conversion of hemicellulose to furfural through a microwave-coupled multi-stage tandem process was proposed by the research team led by Academician Jiang Jianchun from the Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry.