Rye pollen slows tumor growth in animal models of cancer. Chemists determined the 3D structure of the bioactive molecules in rye pollen. With new blueprint, researchers could develop strategies for cancer treatment.

New study shows that cancer damages its own DNA by pushing key genes to work too hard. Researchers found that the most powerful genetic “on switches” in cancer cells, called super-enhancers, drive unusually intense gene activity. That high gear creates stress on the DNA and can cause dangerous breaks. Cancer cells can often repair this damage, but the process is frequently error-prone, the repeated cycle of breaking and repairing can make these regions more prone to accumulating mutations over time. In short, the same mechanisms that help cancer grow quickly may also make its DNA more fragile, helping explain how tumors continue to evolve and, in some cases, become more aggressive over time.

54 compounds affecting pancreas development: Using an image-based screen and a robust analysis pipeline, researchers screened hundreds of molecules and identified 54 compounds that change pancreas organoids shape and/or cell types.

Generating functional human pancreatic acinar cells: Researchers focused on the compounds that inhibit the GSK3A/B protein and drive pancreatic progenitor cells to differentiate into pancreatic acinar cells. A further optimization of the growth media enabled the progenitor cells to develop into fully functional acinar cells.

Possibilities for pancreatic cancer research: The ability to generate acinar organoids is valuable for future studies on pancreatic exocrine function and cancer initiation in humans, as acinar cells are thought to be an important cell of origin for pancreatic cancer.