UCLA researchers have introduced a framework for synthesizing arbitrary, spatially varying 3D point spread functions (PSFs) using diffractive processors. This approach enables unique imaging capabilities—such as snapshot 3D multispectral imaging—without relying on spectral filters, axial scanning, or digital reconstruction methods. The proposed framework could open up transformative possibilities for computational imaging, optical sensing and spectroscopy, as well as 3D optical information processing.

In a review published in Molecular Biomedicine, the authors summarized the impact of exosomes on the progression of diseases through their carried cargo, affecting the microenvironment in inflammatory diseases and cancer. Moreover, exosomes have great potential as diagnostic biomarkers, therapeutic drugs, and drug delivery carriers in inflammatory diseases and cancer.

Facing escalating climate threats and environmental degradation, scientists have unveiled a transformative national framework that uses data and digital intelligence to guide environmental governance.

An editorial in eGastroenterology by Chen, Guillot, and Schneider issues a critical warning about the rampant misuse of Mendelian randomisation (MR) in modern medical research. Despite MR's powerful potential for causal inference using genetic data, the exponential growth in publications—many employing overly simplistic methods—threatens the credibility of the field. The authors highlight key methodological missteps, including misuse of weak genetic instruments and disregard for pleiotropy. They propose comprehensive guidelines for researchers, editors, and reviewers to elevate scientific rigor and preserve MR’s value. Their message is clear: MR must be applied with discipline and biological plausibility to remain credible.

A novel Y₄Al₂O₉/Y₂O₃ composite exhibits substantial resistance to CMAS infiltration at both temperatures at 1300 ℃ and 1500 ℃, without notable grain-boundary penetration by CMAS glass. More importantly, the incorporation of reaction active compositions in the composite accelerated the consumption of molten CMAS constituents and reduced its corrosive activity, which is recognized as the crucial principle for composition design of anti-CMAS materials. This work provides valuable insights that guide the design of composition and advancement of superior CMAS-resistant materials.

Researcher from  Fudan University selected a global climate model, FGOALS-f3-L, to reveal the bias characteristics of CDV in this model. 

A new study  by Prof. XUE Tian from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Prof. YAO Yonggang of the Kunming Institute of Zoology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and Prof. ZHAO Huan of Hefei University has revealed that chronic exposure to artificial light at night (LAN) can trigger depression-like behaviors by activating a specific neural pathway in the brain.

Optical computing confronts three fundamental bottlenecks: clock-rate constraints, chip-scale limits, and inter-core parallelism. While clock rates and chip scales approach technological limits, microcomb-driven parallel optical computing offers a viable path to boost computility by overcoming parallelism constraints. A team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences developed a parallel optical computing architecture with 100 wavelengths, pushing the boundary of computility. This breakthrough enables higher computing density and scalable, thread-level parallelism beyond conventional hardware limitations.