Algorithms submitted for an AI Challenge hosted by the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) have shown excellent performance for detecting breast cancers on mammography images, increasing screening sensitivity while maintaining low recall rates, according to a new study.

Gastric cancer that metastasizes to the peritoneum, or the lining of the abdominal cavity, has a very poor prognosis and is challenging to treat. Now, a group of researchers has developed mRNA-based vaccines that can target tumor-specific ‘neoantigens.’ In combination with anti-PD1 therapy, these vaccines show high antitumor efficacy against gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis. This approach can potentially be expanded in order to develop ‘personalized’ cancer vaccines for complicated cancer cases.

Scientists at Tsinghua University have developed a method to grow kidney tumours in the lab using cells from real patients, offering a potential new tool in the fight against renal cancer. Their research, published in the journal Biofabrication, outlines how 3D bioprinting technology can be used to replicate the unique characteristics of each patient’s tumour.

Traditional drug development methods involve identifying a target protin (e.g., a cancer cell receptor) that causes disease, and then searching through countless molecular candidates (potential drugs) that could bind to that protein and block its function. This process is costly, time-consuming, and has a low success rate. KAIST researchers have developed an AI model that, using only information about the target protein, can design optimal drug candidates without any prior molecular data—opening up new possibilities for drug discovery.