Gliomas represent more than a quarter of all CNS tumors. Limited treatment options together with high mortality and disability rates constitute a significant burden on healthcare and the economy, underscoring the need to identify transformative therapeutic targets to combat this malignancy.

Gliomas represent more than a quarter of all CNS tumors. Limited treatment options together with high mortality and disability rates constitute a significant burden on healthcare and the economy, underscoring the need to identify transformative therapeutic targets to combat this malignancy.

Gene therapy—the process of modifying, replacing, or regulating genes to treat disease—has emerged as one of the most transformative innovations in modern medicine. While ex vivo strategies, such as engineered immune or hematopoietic cells, have achieved clinical success, the next frontier lies in in vivo gene therapy—directly delivering therapeutic genetic material into target tissues within the body.