Stanford type A aortic dissection (AD) is a degenerative aortic remodeling disease and carries a high mortality rate. It manifests distinct temporal patterns, transiting from acute, subacute to chronic stages. As an intimate pathophysiological feature of AD, aortic inflammation triggers disease initiation and progression. However, the precise subtypes of immune cells, their fundamental functional properties, and crosstalk with vascular cells across disease temporal transition remain largely unexplored. In a paper published in Science Bulletin, Junjie Luo from China Agricultural University, and colleagues analyzed 64,371 single immune cells by scRNA-seq coupled with TCR tracking using STARTRAC to quantitatively delineate the distinct functions and dynamic relationships of aortic immune cells in the context of temporal-specific AD. This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of how the composition of the immune landscape is altered in the aortic wall of diverse types of AD, and opens new avenues for a rational and precise anti-AD therapy by targeting TNF signaling.

In a paper published in Science Bulletin, Professor Xin Li and Dr. Yanlong Guo from the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research review the paradigm shift in scientific research from traditional methods to data-intensive discovery and further anticipates the rise of robot scientists driven by AI advancements. The study highlights how AI technologies transform the scientific process and provides an in-depth analysis of the shifts in each step of the research cycle, including observation, data analysis, hypothesis generation, prediction formulation, hypothesis testing, and theorization.

The current chemotherapy has some critical limitations such as poor delivery efficiency, systemic toxicity, and the lack of pharmacokinetic monitoring. To solve this problems, Scientist in China proposed a drug delivery strategy based on fiber-optic for synergistic cancer photothermal-chemotherapy. The optic probe can deliver the drug with high efficiency without systemic toxicity, and can supervise the dynamical drug release and in-situ temperature. The proposed strategy provides a revolutionized on-demand drug delivery platform.

In Fenton-like reactions, high-valent cobalt-oxo (Co^IV=O) has the advantages of high redox potential, long lifetime, and anti-interference, but low generation selectivity due to high generation energy barrier. In this paper, we systematically investigated the effects of support on Co^IV=O generation from activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) over cobalt single-atom catalysts (Co-SACs), and found that the steady-state concentration of Co^IV=O is positively correlated with the work function of supports. The highest work function support, anatase TiO₂-loaded Co-SACs exhibited the highest selectivity for the Co^IV=O generation. This paper emphasizes the critical role of supports in regulating the Fenton-like oxidation pathway and developing efficient single-atom catalysts.

A recent study in the field of neurobiology, presented in Science China Life Sciences, uncovers a pivotal role for the protein RGS22 (regulator of G-protein signaling 22) in maintaining brain health. The study links the loss of RGS22 to the development of hydrocephalus, a serious condition where cerebrospinal fluid accumulates abnormally in the brain's ventricles.

In a recent paper published in National Science Review, researchers developed a bottom-up approach for magnetic regulation of oxygen metabolism related cellular activities via magnetic-field-dependent ¹O₂ reactivity. By incorporating the magnetic field effect of chemical reactions into biological systems through the implementation of radical pair mechanism, the authors demonstrate the potential of utilizing magnetic field effect to regulate biological processes and aid in the treatment of diseases.

The traditional “spectrometer + lens” setups in hyperspectral cameras involve performance tradeoffs when the system is driven toward miniaturization. To break free from this constraint, scientists in China developed a “two-in-one” spectral singlet lens that unifies optical imaging and computational spectrometry functions, which enables the creation of miniaturized, affordable, and high-performance hyperspectral cameras. The technique will open new avenues for portable smart sensors, with emerging applications in diagnostics at home, advanced endoscopy, and consumer electronics.

In a recent publication in the International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing, the team, led by Prof. Ying Cai from the Department of Rehabilitation at Xiangya Hospital and Prof. Mingchun Zhao from the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Central South University, reviewed the use of porous tantalum for 3D printing of bone implants. This review focuses on the material design aspects that relate the morphology, structure, and modification of porous tantalum (pTa) to its bioactivity.

Their work represents a significant step in understanding the relationship between the design and biological performance of porous tantalum materials, providing crucial directions for using porous tantalum in orthopedic implants.

The team deploys the decomposed model on-chip and leverage the high computing efficiency of ReRAM to compensate for the decompression performance loss. In this paper, we propose ARCHER, a ReRAM-based PIM architecture that implements fully on-chip recommendations under resource constraints. The team deploys the decomposed model on-chip and leverage the high computing efficiency of ReRAM to compensate for the decompression performance loss. In this paper, we propose ARCHER, a ReRAM-based PIM architecture that implements fully on-chip recommendations under resource constraints.

In a groundbreaking study, the regulatory role of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) Gm20257 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy has been elucidated, offering new insights into potential therapeutic targets. Pathological cardiac hypertrophy, a condition characterized by an abnormal increase in heart muscle size, can lead to heart failure if left unchecked. The research delves into how lncRNA Gm20257 interacts with PGC-1α to modulate the mitochondrial complex IV axis, thereby influencing the development of cardiac hypertrophy.