The South Atlantic Anomaly represents a region within near-Earth space characterized by a significantly weaker geomagnetic field and a higher flux of energetic particles compared to other areas. It is a space weather hazards to Low-Earth-Orbit satellites. There has been evidence that the Very Low Frequency (VLF) waves from the powerful ground VLF radio transmitter in Australia, known as NWC, have the capacity to scatter energetic electrons’ pitch angle in the inner radiation belt. In a paper published in Science China: Earth Sciences, scientists report the initial observation of a 'wisp' precipitation resulted from NWC, an unusual occurrence with peak intensity detected inside the SAA. With the full pitch angle distribution observed via the Macao Science Satellite – 1 at Low-Earth-Orbit, scientists attribute the 'wisp' within the anomaly to a specific pitch angle range just outside the drift loss cone.

Austrian researchers have successfully converted a by-product of wood gasification into high-quality activated carbon. The material, known for its ability to capture micropollutants, was produced by physical activation using hot gases that create fine pores. Their method increased the adsorption capacity by 11 times, outperforming commercial alternatives. With growing demand in water treatment, this discovery offers a renewable alternative to fossil-based activated carbon.

In the first study to consider the long-term evolution of the rivers that flow beneath glaciers, researchers have new insights into the future of Antarctica’s melting ice that may change the way climate scientists predict the effects of a warming planet.

Researchers from the University of Waterloo’s Faculty of Environment led the project that studied Aurora Subglacial Basin and modelled its subglacial hydrology —the flow of water at the base of the ice. They compared drainage systems at various times ranging from 34 million years ago to 75 years from now.

In a paper published in National Science Review, a research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences investigated impact melt rocks from the Chang'e-6 lunar soils and determined that the Moon's South Pole-Aitken basin formed 4.25 billion years ago. China’s Chang'e-6 mission, launched on May 3, 2024, landed on June 2, and returned on June 25, collecting 1935.3 grams of lunar soil samples – the first ever returned from the Moon's far side.