Nocturnal moths rely on hearing to escape predatory bats, yet how they respond to different bat calls has remained unclear. In a new study, researchers from Japan exposed moths to ultrasonic pulses simulating bat hunting stages and observed their flight and egg-laying behaviors. The study found that moths change how they fly and lay eggs depending on the level of danger, a finding that could help develop ultrasonic methods to protect crops from moth damage.

Approximate unlearning removes irrelevant information from vision-language models (VLMs) while preserving performance. However, current approaches are based on class unlearning, which excludes domain-specific recognition and is insufficient for practical applications. Researchers from Tokyo University of Science and National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology have proposed approximate domain unlearning as a novel approach to differentiate between domains. This innovation outperforms state-of-the-art alternative tuning techniques for VLMs, paving the way for practical and fine-grained unlearning.

The gerotor tooth profile is crucial for determining hydraulic system performance in automotive engineering. In a new development, researchers from Pusan National University have leveraged conditional generative adversarial networks for machine learning-driven gerotor profile synthesis and optimization. The novel approach has remarkably produced designs that outperform human efforts and lead to 32% more efficient hydraulic pumps, potentially revolutionizing the automotive industry.

Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have verified the decomposition and detoxification capabilities of ultrasonic irradiation on the harmful organic compound, carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄).

As summer festivals and youth gatherings return in full swing, new research from Flinders University is revealing the hidden health risks that come with multi-day events, and how to avoid them. A comprehensive review led by public health experts to identify and understand the risks that occur at multi-day events reveals that infectious disease outbreaks and foodborne illnesses are the most common public health threats at youth-focused mass gatherings.