Generative AI tools like ChatGPT present extraordinary potential in promoting better language learning and teaching practice, such as timely feedback, ease of use, personalized support, simulations of the learning environment, and individualized recommendations on learning materials. However, a team of researchers in Hong Kong and Macao found that 45.9% of ChatGPT-generated feedback was rejected by second-language students, higher rejection rates for content-focused feedback (58.7%) than form-focused (41.3%).

Ventilation is an important process within the global ocean, where waters sink to deeper layers, are transported by deep currents, and eventually upwelled back to the surface. This process affects the distribution of oxygen and carbon in the global ocean by transporting these elements from the surface to deeper regions of the ocean. Scientists are still trying to understand the exact dynamics and circulation pathways that determine how dense, cold water from deep in the Gulf of Mexico gets circulated within the Gulf. Current theories suggest that deep water is transformed into intermediate water through small scale mixing which drives upwelling before flowing out of the Gulf through the Yucatán Channel.