Frozen in time, ancient microbes or their remains could be found in Martian ice deposits during future missions to the Red Planet. By recreating Mars-like conditions in the lab, a team of researchers from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center and Penn State demonstrated that fragments of the molecules that make up proteins in E. coli bacteria, if present in Mars’ permafrost and ice caps, could remain intact for over 50 million years, despite harsh and continuous exposure to cosmic radiation. In the study, published in Astrobiology, the researchers encouraged future missions searching for life on Mars to target locations with pure ice or ice-dominated permafrost for exploration, as opposed to studying rocks, clay or soil.

A mysterious diffuse glow of gamma rays near the center of the Milky Way has stumped researchers for decades, as they’ve tried to discern whether the light comes from colliding particles of dark matter or quickly spinning neutron stars. Both theories are equally likely, according to new research. Maps generated by supercomputers confirm that the glow could come from dark matter.

The Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology in Stuttgart has developed a pioneering therapeutic approach for breast cancer patients who respond poorly to the standard drug tamoxifen. The innovative combination therapy has been successfully tested in a clinical trial under the name TAMENDOX. The results have now been published in the renowned journal Clinical Cancer Research. The project was funded by the German Federal Ministry of Research, Technology, and Space.