A comprehensive study of 238 high-oil peanut varieties in China reveals key insights into their agronomic traits, disease resistance, and genetic diversity. While these varieties show promising oil content (up to 61%), they face challenges such as a trade-off between oil and protein content and limited high-level disease resistance. The findings provide a foundation for future breeding strategies to enhance yield, quality, and resilience.

The AP2/ERF transcription factor SHAT2 positively regulates seed shattering and quality. SHAT2 mutation affects the expression of seed-shattering and quality-related genes. SHAT2 regulates the expression of seed development-related genes through interaction with the GCC-box.

Connecticut College biologist Maria Rosa has been recognized by BioOne Vista for her co-authored review on suspension-feeding bivalves. The article explores how bivalves select particles in aquatic environments and how that knowledge supports water quality, aquaculture, and reef conservation efforts.

Strips of land planted with flowers between fields are the most popular environmental measure in agriculture. They attract pollinators such as butterflies and wild bees, look beautiful and can be achieved quickly. However, the goal of creating and maintaining a structurally diverse and therefore particularly species-rich landscape will not be achieved if flower strips are the only measure taken. Researchers at the University of Göttingen have described how agricultural landscapes need to be designed to accommodate many species and to ensure other social and ecological functions such as providing nature for human recreation and climate protection. The perspective article was published in the journal Biological Conservation.

A team of researchers from the Soft Robotics for Human Cooperation and Rehabilitation Lab at the Italian Institute of Technology (IIT-Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia) in Genova has conceived and developed Frasky, a new robotic prototype able to navigate and perform operations autonomously within vineyards. Coordinated by IIT researcher Manuel G. Catalano, the project results from the collaboration with the partners involved in “JOiiNT LAB,” the joint lab aiming at creating a synergy between research and industry, thus comprising IIT and the industrial ecosystem in the Bergamo area, including Consorzio Intellimech, Confindustria Bergamo, the University of Bergamo, and Kilometro Rosso Innovation District. Frasky’s main goal is to address the challenges that the agricultural sector is facing nowadays, such as environmental sustainability and labor shortages, by combining robotics and artificial intelligence.

A new study has revealed the 3D structure of a barley root protein that protects plants from toxic aluminum in acidic soils. Unlike most transporters, this protein exports citrate—an anion that binds to harmful aluminum ions—thereby shielding the roots. The findings offer fresh insights into how plants adapt to hostile soils and could help guide the breeding of crop varieties capable of thriving on acidic farmland worldwide.