Functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) effectively delivered the amh/amhy plasmid into all-female mandarin fish via immersion. At 40 mg/L, plasmid DNA and transcripts were detected in gonads within 7-14 days. By 60-120 days, some fish developed masculinized gonads with downregulated foxl2/cyp19a1a and upregulated amh/dmrt1. The study demonstrates SWCNTs as a viable gene delivery tool in fish and confirms the crucial role of amh/amhy in sex determination via the amhrII/smads pathway activating dmrt1.

A machine learning-based resource developed at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital predicts which intrinsically disordered regions can drive the formation of biomolecular condensates and links those proteins to RNA biology.

A new study led by Nebraska's John Benson and Kyle Dougherty shows young mountain lions in California struggle to disperse between populations because they avoid developed areas and busy roads, limiting the gene flow needed to keep populations healthy. The study shows that freeways and human development isolate vulnerable populations, while small habitat patches and potential wildlife crossings could help restore connectivity. 

Bumblebees respond to physical disturbance of their nest with a sequence of defensive behaviors that lasts up to 10 minutes, according to a study by Sajedeh Sarlak at the University of Konstanz, Germany, and colleagues, publishing December 3, 2025 in the open-access journal PLOS One.

Dolphins produce a range of vocalizations used for echolocation and communication. These vocalizations vary with social context, environmental conditions, and external stimuli, communication, reflecting their cognitive and behavioral complexity. A study published in PLOS One on December 3, 2025 by Francesco Di Nardo at Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy and colleagues suggests that the frequency and duration of captive dolphin vocalizations may indicate engagement with structured activities.

Male infertility is a major issue worldwide and its causes remain unclear. Researchers at the RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR) in Japan have now discovered a key structure in the germ cells of male mice that, when disturbed, leads to abnormal sperm tails and infertility. The discovery was made possible by the first observation of the mouse flagellar base structure using ultrastructure expansion microscopy and could explain some forms of infertility in human men.