Can “snow” fall in the ocean and influence the climate of the entire planet? It turns out that it can. Research conducted by scientists from the Faculty of Physics at University of Warsaw, published in Journal of Fluid Mechanics, helps us understand how microscopic “flakes” of dead organic matter collide and sink into the deep ocean, transporting vast amounts of carbon and affecting the pace of global warming.

The effects of the Iran war on the oil market have brought renewed attention to the EU’s plans for domestic production of fossil-free aviation fuels. But EU rules for synthetic aviation fuels risk steering development towards production pathways that are both more expensive and more energy-intensive than necessary – making it harder to meet climate targets. This is shown in a recent study from Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, that has analysed different methods for producing synthetic methanol.

Stevia is a widely used sweetener, but why do some stevia varieties taste cleaner and more sugar-like than others? Recent research conducted at the University of Toyama shows that stevia’s sweetness is genetically linked to variations in specific glycosyltransferase genes and their cell-specific activity in leaves. By combining genetic analysis with cell-level imaging, the team uncovered how stevia produces its high-value sweet compounds, opening the door to better-tasting natural sweeteners for foods and beverages.

Near-infrared light is invisible to humans. And yet, under the right conditions, the human eye can perceive it. Researchers from the International Centre for Translational Eye Research (ICTER) have now shown that the efficiency of this phenomenon depends not only on the laser pulse itself, but also on two highly specific factors: the beam diameter and the precise focusing of light on the retina.

Optical skyrmions hold promise for robust information carriers, yet existing technologies are limited to narrow-band generation. Scientists in China and Singapore invented an on-chip platform using ferroelectric spherulites. This device breaks the bandwidth limit by generating stable skyrmions across the entire visible spectrum. The technique paves the way for high-capacity optical communications and topological quantum light sources.

Physicists discover a new type of phase separation driven by a proliferating medium that rewrites the physics of particles inside it

Professor Chi Ming Che, Zhou Guangzhao Professor in Natural Sciences and Chair Professor of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong (HKU), and the Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology Limited (LSCCB), and Dr Wei Liu, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, HKU, and LSCCB, have developed an innovative portable AI-enabled optical sensing device that enables rapid, non-invasive cancer risk detection using just a saliva sample. This innovative technology integrates advanced chemical sensing with artificial intelligence and was awarded a Gold Medal with Congratulations of the Jury at the 51st International Exhibition of Inventions of Geneva (2026), recognising its scientific excellence and strong potential for practical application.   

Minnesota Sea Grant researchers documented PFAS as a persistent presence in the Great Lakes atmosphere, with PFAS appearing in every rain and snow sample collected during a two-year project across Minnesota and Michigan. The researchers will present three analyses from the United States Geological Survey-funded project, Tracing Atmospherically Deposited PFAS from Source to Sediment in the Great Lakes Region, at the National Atmospheric Deposition Program Scientific Symposium, June 9-12, 2026, in Madison, Wisconsin.