This paper proposes strategies for the robust interpretation of Pb isotopes for geologic applications, focusing on source tracking and model ages. It provides a framework for accurate model age determination and magma source characterization, with recommendations for standardized data reporting. 

Analysis has shown a boulder weighing almost 1,200 tonnes in Tonga is one of the largest known wave-transported rocks in the world, providing new insights into the Pacific region’s history and risk of tsunamis.

Scientists from The University of Texas at Arlington are among the researchers worldwide recognized with the 2025 Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics for their contributions to the ATLAS Experiment. The $1 million award honors the team’s groundbreaking work at the Large Hadron Collider at the European Organization of Nuclear Research, known as CERN—the world’s largest particle physics laboratory—which led to the discovery of the Higgs boson, often called the “God particle” for its key role in explaining the existence of mass in the universe.

The Arctic is one of the coldest places on Earth, but in recent decades, the region has been rapidly warming, at a rate three to four times faster than the global average. However, current climate models have been unable to account for this increased pace. Now, researchers at Kyushu University have reported in a study, published April 29 in Ocean-Land-Atmosphere Research, that clouds may be to blame.

Freshwater under the Ocean – in the 1960's scientists were quite surprised when they looked at their data: it clearly showed that there was fresh or freshened water under the ocean floor. How did it get there? How long has it been there? Scientists have been trying to find answers to these questions since their intriguing discovery. Starting in May, an international team of scientists has embarked on an expedition to take a closer look at, and take samples, of this freshened water stored beneath the ocean floor. Prof Karen Johannesson of University of Massachusetts Boston and Prof Brandon Dugan of Colorado School of Mines are the Co-Chief Scientists of this international expedition. Samples will be collected using the Liftboat Robert, which departed from the port of Bridgeport on May 19.

In a review published in SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences, researchers from Peking University offered practical suggestions and fresh insights into reconstructing ancient climates. They explored the challenges in understanding Earth's climatic history and described how combining paleoclimate proxies with Earth system models using advanced data assimilation methods can help. The review highlights the promise of these methods to improve research accuracy and guide future studies in paleoclimatology.