A novel study on the natural coordination of tooth development in time and space, led by Dr. Han-Sung Jung at the Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Korea, has discovered that “lingual” cells on the side of the tongue form the tooth, whereas those toward the cheek, called “buccal cells,” form the bones and gums, guided by signaling molecules like WNT and BMP. These insights could shape future modalities for tooth regeneration, replacement, and repair.

Dynamic manipulation of optical signals between on-chip and free-space optical fields are highly pursued in various applications. Towards this goal, scientists in China proposed an addressable on-chip metasurface network on lithium niobate platform to present dynamic waveguide-based holographic display with improved multiplexing capability. Such scalable platform will advance holographic displays, high-capacity optical communication, and integrated photonic information processing, leveraging the potential of thin-film lithium niobate technology with high integration, fast response and high scalability.

New research from Rice University suggests that the giant planet Jupiter reshaped the early solar system in dramatic ways, carving out rings and gaps that ultimately explain one of the longest-standing puzzles in planetary science: why many primitive meteorites formed millions of years after the first solid bodies. The study, which combined hydrodynamic models of Jupiter’s growth with simulations of dust evolution and planet formation, was recently published in Science Advances.

Researchers discovered a previously unknown solar radio pattern — periodic beaded stripes — using the Chashan Broadband Solar Radio Spectrometer during a 2024 flare. These narrow, drifting radio bands, dotted with rhythmic “beads”, reveal rapid plasma processes in the Sun’s corona. The team attributes their formation to the double plasma resonance effect, modulated by magnetohydrodynamic waves. Observations suggest a weak magnetic field (~1 G) above the flaring loops in an active solar region.

The National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) and the Nagoya Institute of Technology (NITech), collaborated with the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), have achieved the world’s first successful demonstration of next-generation error correction codes, mitigating the impact of atmospheric turbulence on ground-to-satellite laser communications.

Atmospheric turbulence in ground-to-satellite laser links is known to cause fading, resulting in burst data errors. Error correction codes are one of the key technologies to mitigate such effects. In this experiment, we transmitted next-generation error correction codes with high correction capability (5G NR LDPC and DVB-S2) and successfully corrected burst data errors caused by atmospheric turbulence in the laser link. This result confirmed that both codes can significantly improve communication quality compared to conventional schemes.

This achievement is expected to contribute to the practical implementation of ground-to-satellite laser communications by applying these codes.

Astronomers using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have captured the most detailed look yet at how galaxies formed just a few hundred million years after the Big Bang – and found they were far more chaotic and messy than those we see today.