Termites play a key ecological role in many tropical and subtropical ecosystems. By building and maintaining their nests and mounds, they substantially affect bioturbation levels, soil properties, and nutrient distribution.

A latest study published in Soil Ecology Letters sheds new light on how mangrove forests adapt to rising salinity levels, a critical threat amplified by climate change. The research, led by Mr. Shamim Ahmed from the Technical University of Munich, demonstrates how soil nutrients and leaf area index (LAI) interact with species and structural diversity to buffer mangrove productivity against salinity stress.

What if instead of taking a water or soil sample to the lab, you could take the lab to the sample? That’s what a team of researchers reporting in ACS Sensors did with a new nitrate-monitoring “lab-on-a-drone” system. The drone allows for easy, real-time water sampling and analysis in hard-to-reach areas like steep ditches or swampy lowlands. The technology could help farmers optimize their fertilizer use and prevent waterway pollution from excess nitrate runoff.

As global populations continue to grow, so does the need for nutritious food and efficient manufacturing processes. Current food production practices generate side streams that could be recycled. Researchers reporting in ACS’ Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry fed the side streams of carrot production to fungi, generating a sustainable source of protein. They incorporated the new protein into proof-of-concept vegan patties and sausages that testers ranked as tastier than food made from plant-based proteins.

New ultrasound technology developed at Johns Hopkins can distinguish fluid from solid breast masses with near perfect accuracy, an advance that could save patients, especially those with dense breast tissue, from unnecessary follow-up exams, painful procedures and anxiety.