New trial aims to transform how we track our daily diet
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Updates every hour. Last Updated: 3-Apr-2026 09:15 ET (3-Apr-2026 13:15 GMT/UTC)
Scientists are recruiting adults from across the UK to take part in a groundbreaking trial to accurately track what they eat and drink in their daily lives.
Zinc–air chemistry is uniquely suited for microscale energy storage because it uses oxygen directly from the surrounding air, reducing the need for stored reactants. Despite this advantage, true micrometre-scale zinc–air batteries based on interdigitated electrodes and operating in safe, near-neutral electrolytes have remained largely unexplored. Most existing designs are primary batteries or rely on stacked architectures and strongly alkaline electrolytes, limiting their suitability for biomedical applications and on-chip integration.
Researchers have now developed a planar micro zinc–air battery that overcomes these challenges. The device integrates bifunctional cathode catalysts, a near-neutral NH4Cl/ZnCl2-based gel electrolyte, and micrometre-scale interdigitated electrodes patterned in a single plane. Using electrodeposition and microplotter-assisted microfabrication, precise material coverage is achieved across 200-micrometre-wide electrodes. Despite its small footprint, the battery delivers high energy and power at elevated current densities and is capable of powering an LED and a digital thermometer. This demonstrates that chip-scale systems can host their own onboard power source, enabling fully autonomous micro-devices.
The work is the result of a two-institution collaboration: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) Hyderabad, India, led catalyst chemistry, materials development, and electrochemistry, while University College London (UK) contributed micro-fabrication, micro-plotting, and device engineering expertise.
As a first demonstration, challenges remain. Long-term cycling leads to gradual material loss at both anode and cathode, resulting in capacity decay. Ongoing efforts focus on robust catalyst anchoring, improved bifunctional cathode materials, and suppression of zinc dendrites to enhance areal energy and power over extended operation. This advance opens pathways for micro-batteries in wearables, implantable sensors, IoT nodes, and soft microrobotics, where power sources must be as small and integrated as the devices themselves.