Researchers at Princeton University and the University of Arizona have quantified U.S. groundwater in unprecedented breadth and detail. Combining direct measurements with artificial intelligence methods, their new map estimates groundwater depth across the continental United States at a resolution of around 30 meters (98 feet). The work provides a foundation for further research as well as local and regional decision-making around irrigation, conservation and water infrastructure.

 If trucks ran on hydrogen instead of fossil fuels, carbon dioxide emissions from heavy-duty road transport could be significantly reduced. At the same time, a new study from Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden shows that differences in how the gas is produced, distributed and used greatly affect its climate benefits. Locally produced green hydrogen is the best option for the climate – with the additional benefit of enabling all countries to become self-sufficient in energy and fuel, even in times of crisis and war.

LAMDA-SSL toolkit delivers the first unified benchmarks and robust algorithms that safely exploit unlabeled data despite label, feature and distribution mismatches, beating vanilla supervised baselines in open-world SSL.

RetinaDA unites six public fundus sets into a 512 × 512 macula-centered benchmark with built-in domain gaps, enabling vessel-segmentation models to generalize across devices without extra annotation cost.

Spacer isomerization engineering is proposed to regulate double-cable conjugated polymers, providing a new approach to optimize molecular packing and enhance the performance of single-component organic solar cells with excellent stability.

CRISPR-editing OsFAD2-1 boosts oleic acid and stabilizes rice bran oil. Edited lines maintain key agronomic traits of breeding-ready germplasm.