Biochar can either curb or boost greenhouse gas emissions depending on soil conditions, new study finds
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Updates every hour. Last Updated: 19-Jun-2026 09:15 ET (19-Jun-2026 13:15 GMT/UTC)
A new online game allows players to build a farmers market empire as they learn real-world food safety topics. The game is titled “Market, Set, Go!” and is inspired by games like "SimCity" and allows players to build 10 farmers market stands with a variety of products and activities. To grow, vendors must solve food safety challenges. Success provides vendors more resources to expand their stand. The game is one result of a $550,000 grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
North American bird populations are not only declining, but they’re also shrinking faster with each passing year – particularly in regions shaped by intensive agriculture, according to a new study. Centuries of human impacts, including land use change, agricultural intensification, overexploitation, and pollution, have drastically reshaped the natural world, leading to population declines for many wildlife species worldwide. Although these declines are widely recognized, whether these losses are speeding up year over year, as well as the factors driving this potential acceleration, remain poorly understood. Here, François Leroy and colleagues investigate these trends among North American bird populations. Leroy et al. analyzed data from 1,033 migration survey routes in the North American Breeding Bird Survey, examining 261 bird species between 1987 and 2021. Using advanced statistical modeling, the authors estimated population dynamics over time, revealing an average continent-wide decline in bird abundance. According to the findings, the steepest losses were concentrated in the southern and warmer regions of North America, with hotspots of accelerating decline in the Mid-Atlantic, Midwest, and California – areas that closely align with regions of intensive agriculture. Leroy et al. also found that 47% of species studied (122 species) show significant population declines, 63 of which are deteriorating at an accelerated rate. 67 species show declines that outpace population recruitment, suggesting deeper demographic strain.
Media may wish to note an exclusive feature this week from Science’s news department on bird declines in tropical forests, embargoed for Wednesday Feb 25 at noon US ET. Please reach scipak@aaas.org for a PDF of the embargoed story.
Though previous research has shown that bird populations are declining across North America, a new study is the first to show that the pace of loss has picked up speed since the mid-1980s in three regions: the Midwest, California and Mid-Atlantic states. After these hotspots of accelerated bird decline were revealed, researchers looked for factors that could explain the difference in the rates of decline, examining climate measures and human activity-related data. A top predictor of where the accelerated abundance loss occurred became clear, overlapping with locations of agriculture intensity as indicated by the extent of cropland and the use of fertilizer and pesticides.
ABSTRACT
The Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) is the latest in a series of initiatives aimed at modernizing small-scale farming to address food insecurity and poverty, yet AGRA has fallen short of its goals. This study explores whether these shortcomings might stem from flawed assumptions in AGRA's theory of change—assumptions long embedded in top-down agricultural modernization efforts. We situate AGRA within broader debates on the agrarian question, especially the Chayanov–Lenin debate, and draw historical parallels with United States agricultural industrialization, the Green Revolution, and Soviet collectivization, as well as Tanzania's villagization program. Tanzania is an instructive case, having undergone both collectivist and market-based modernization. Using Chayanov's theory of peasant household decision-making, we analyze panel survey data from the Tanzania National Panel Survey (TNPS), part of the World Bank Living Standards Measurement Study—Integrated Surveys on Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) program, to examine how household demographic factors relate to labor and land use decisions. Our findings show that household composition is significantly associated with agricultural labor allocation choices and land use. We also address Chayanov's gender blind spot, finding that men and women plot managers and men- and women-headed households often pursue different labor allocation and land use strategies. These results suggest that AGRA's model may make questionable assumptions about the decision-making of small-scale farmers. We conclude by considering the implications of this modernization logic and argue that a pragmatic approach to agricultural development, one rooted in the actual priorities and preferences of small-scale farmers, offers an alternative.
A study published in Insect Science reports that reducing fertilizer input can improve natural pest control without compromising crop yields, challenging the assumption that higher nutrient use is always beneficial in agriculture.