Promoters are key DNA regions that control gene transcription, but their activity varies greatly across different cell types. This heterogeneity makes it difficult for existing computational methods to identify promoters reliably. A team led by Professors Zhangyu Mei and Hao Wu from Shandong University, China, has developed MuSE‑Promoter, a deep ensemble learning framework that combines multi‑scale feature fusion, transformer attention, and a learnable weighted ensemble of neural network and random forest. The system outperforms state‑of‑the‑art methods on human cell lines from different tissues and on Arabidopsis thaliana datasets, and shows excellent generalization in cross‑cell‑line and promoter–enhancer discrimination tasks.

Mono-ubiquitination of histone H2A lysine 119 (H2AK119Ub): its multifaceted role in biology and implication in diseases

New study demonstrates that the direction of a magnetic field can influence how slightly different versions of the same biological molecule behave, revealing a previously unrecognized link between magnetism, electron spin, and isotope chemistry. By showing that these effects depend on both molecular structure and magnetic orientation, the research introduces a new factor that could help explain how chemical processes operate in biological systems and may offer new approaches for isotope separation and analysis.

Autism spectrum disorder affects males far more frequently than females, with diagnoses occurring roughly four times more often in boys. Scientists have long suspected that females may possess biological protective mechanisms that reduce vulnerability to autism, but direct experimental evidence has remained limited.

In the latest in a series of studies showing how lab-raised fish differ from those raised in more natural environments, researchers found that medaka maintained in more natural settings ovulated earlier than those in the laboratory. These findings highlight the challenges of inferring natural behavior from that observed in the laboratory.

A genetic study suggests that earlier age at first sexual intercourse may be linked to less favorable aging outcomes later in life. The research found associations with poorer multidimensional aging profiles, shorter lifespan-related measures, and greater frailty, and identified frailty, low mood, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) as possible pathways connecting early-life behavior with later-life aging.

Neuroplex, a novel imaging pipeline, enables simultaneous measurements of the activity of up to nine identified brain cell types in living mice, up from the previously established standard of two.