The Northeastern Pacific Ocean is becoming more acidic faster than other oceans as the water absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and natural processes feed carbon dioxide up from the deep. The rate of CO2 accumulation is outpacing atmospheric rises and driving acidity to new extremes.

The lithium-ion battery is a new energy storage device widely employed in various fields such as mobile power, electric vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and spacecrafts due to its high energy, high efficiency, lightweight, and environmental friendliness. Understanding the internal mechanism of the battery is of utmost importance. The electrochemical model provides detailed insights into the internal mechanism of lithium batteries and encompasses the single-particle model and the P2D model, as well as enhancements such as thermal coupling, mechanical stress coupling, and electric double-layer capacitive coupling. However, the dispersion effect of capacitors in solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film capacitors and porous electrodes has been basically ignored, which is essential for analyzing the internal mechanism and managing energy conversion in lithium batteries experiencing short-term effects. Furthermore, the determination of the dominant order of the Faraday process and non-Faraday process within a short time period is essential for accurately predicting the lifespan of lithium batteries subjected to high-frequency periodic excitation and assessing performance degradation. While the frequency range of these two processes can be roughly delineated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the precise transition time of their dominant positions remains uncertain. The lithium-ion battery is a new energy storage device widely employed in various fields such as mobile power, electric vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, and spacecrafts due to its high energy, high efficiency, lightweight, and environmental friendliness. Understanding the internal mechanism of the battery is of utmost importance. The electrochemical model provides detailed insights into the internal mechanism of lithium batteries and encompasses the single-particle model and the P2D model, as well as enhancements such as thermal coupling, mechanical stress coupling, and electric double-layer capacitive coupling. However, the dispersion effect of capacitors in solid electrolyte interface (SEI) film capacitors and porous electrodes has been basically ignored, which is essential for analyzing the internal mechanism and managing energy conversion in lithium batteries experiencing short-term effects. Furthermore, the determination of the dominant order of the Faraday process and non-Faraday process within a short time period is essential for accurately predicting the lifespan of lithium batteries subjected to high-frequency periodic excitation and assessing performance degradation. While the frequency range of these two processes can be roughly delineated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), the precise transition time of their dominant positions remains uncertain.

Soil moisture is a key factor driving the Earth's water and carbon cycles, but large-scale monitoring has long been hindered by sparse ground observations and model uncertainties. 

Melting sea ice in polar regions is transforming how the oceans move and mix. In a recent study, researchers used a high-resolution climate model to explore how rising CO₂ levels intensify ocean stirring. They found that sea ice loss strengthens currents and turbulence, particularly in the Arctic and Southern Oceans. Such changes are expected to substantially alter the transport of heat, carbon, and nutrient, ultimately affecting polar marine ecosystems under future climate conditions.

Supported catalysts are widely used in various chemical processes. However, most catalysts perform well only for specific chemical reactions, necessitating new methods to diversify and improve performance. Now, researchers have developed an innovative gas-switch-triggered reduction method for impregnation-based synthesis of supported catalysts, consisting of multiple alloyed metals. This method is simple, scalable and can be integrated easily into industrial processes, paving the way for advanced catalysts for more sustainable chemical synthesis.

Seawater is not just a source of salt and water; but it contains a rich variety of ions that benefit to electrocatalytic reactions. This review article provides a timely appraisal of how ions in seawater can be harnessed to drive and enhance electrochemical processes. It identifies key mechanic insights, material design strategies, and future research directions to accelerate the transition from laboratory scale seawater electrocatalysis to real-world electrochemical applications.